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sábado, 30 de enero de 2021

VOA





When we are learning a new language, carrying on a conversation can be difficult. It is even harder when there is the added pressure of doing a job well using the new language. One of our readersEmre, works at a job that requires him to talk with customers in English. He recently asked for advice on how he can improve his listening skills.

There are probably many other readers who use English in their daily work, too. So today, we will suggest some simple learning strategies to improve your ability to listen and carry on conversations.

A learning strategy can be a thought or an action you take to make learning easier.

Here are four strategies for you to consider.

Predict

The first strategy is to predict what you will hear. Maybe your customers sometimes say they have problems with placing an order on your website. You can think about the ways they usually ask about that problem. What words do they often use in that kind of conversation? For example, customers may often use the word “order.”

Focus

The next strategy is to prepare a list of those words and listen for them when a customer begins talking with you. I call this “focusing when you listen.” The next time you are listening to a customer, pay attention to the key words that help you understand their question.

Ask

Next, think about what you can say to the customer to let them know you need a little help understanding them. You can let the customer know you are an English learner.

There are two questions you can ask. At the beginning of the conversation, you can ask, “Would you please speak more slowly?”

The other kind of question is one I call, “asking to clarify.” Remember, you predicted some of the words your customers may use. You should listen closely for those words. When you hear one, you can ask the customer a short question to be sure. “Did you say you want to order?”

Rehearse

You can prepare your answers to customers’ questions and rehearse them in your free time. You may want to keep a notebook with your usual answers. You can practice saying them out loud to yourself.

Putting them together

Finally, you can put all these actions and thoughts together. Let’s say a customer calls and says:

I want to order some face cream but I cannot find the button for ordering.

You are not sure of the product the customer wants. But you did note the words “order” and “button,” so you can ask a question to clarify the customer’s request. You rehearsed this question:

Are you looking for the button to order?

The customer says, “Yes.” Then, you can ask another question that you practiced.

May I ask the name of the product you want to order?

We hope that these four strategies will help you to better deal with your customers in English. Learning English takes time and effort, but sometimes a few good strategies make things easier.

Another way you can prepare is to listen to English movies and podcasts as often as you can. The more you listen to conversations in English, the more you will understand over time.

I’m Jill Robbins.

Jill Robbins wrote this story for VOA Learning English. Ashley Thompson was the editor.

________________________________________________________________

Words in This Story

customer – n. someone who buys goods or services from a business

conversation – n. an informal talk involving two people or a small group of people or the act of talking in an informal way

focus – v. to direct your attention or effort at something specific

rehearse – v. to say or do (something) several times in order to practice

button – n. a small area on a computer screen that you click on to make the computer software do something

What do you want to read about in a future Ed Tips story? We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section.

https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/tips-for-better-conversations-at-work/5726549.html?ltflags=mailer

sábado, 23 de enero de 2021

LUCHA DE BIDEN CONTRA EL CORONAVIRUS

 

https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/biden-s-plan-to-fight-the-coronavirus/5746747.html
U.S. President Joe Biden signed 10 executive orders Thursday as part of his plan to fight the coronavirus. Biden will establish a COVID-19 testing board to increase testing, deal with supply shortages, establish rules for international travelers and direct resources to hard-hit minority communities. The new president has promised to take more forceful measures to contain the virus than the Donald Trump administration. He faces major barriers, with the virus actively spreading in most states. Vaccinations have been slow in many places. It is also unclear whether congressional Republicans will help him pass a $1.9-trillion economic relief and COVID response bill. “We need to ask average Americans to do their part,” said Jeff Zients, the White House official directing the national response. “Defeating the virus requires a coordinated nationwide effort.” Officials in the Biden administration say they were delayed by a lack of cooperation from the Trump administration during the change in presidency. They say they do not have a complete understanding of past actions on vaccine distribution. And they face accusations from states that say they are not getting enough vaccine even as they are being asked to vaccinate more people. Dr. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Dr. Anthony Fauci is Biden’s top medical adviser on COVID-19. He announced renewed U.S. support for the World Health Organization after the Trump administration left the United Nations health agency. Fauci said early Thursday that the U.S. will join the WHO’s efforts to bring vaccines and treatments to people in need, whether in rich or poor countries. He added that the U.S. will again provide full financial and other support for the organization. A new face mask requirement for travel in the U.S. will apply to airports and airplanes, ships, city buses, trains and public transportation. Biden has also required masks on federal property. Travelers from overseas must provide a negative COVID-19 test before leaving for the United States and quarantine after arrival. Biden also is seeking to expand testing and vaccine availability, with the goal of giving 100 million shots in his first 100 days in office. Biden has directed the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to begin setting up vaccination centers. The aim is to have 100 centers open in a month. Biden is also ordering the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to begin a program to make vaccines available through local drugstores starting next month. And he is directing the Public Health Service to assist with vaccinations in some areas. There is also support for states. Biden is ordering FEMA to pay back states for the full cost of using their National Guards to set up vaccination centers. That includes the use of supplies and protective equipment as well as workers. Some independent experts say the new administration should set a higher goal for itself than 100 million shots. Dr. Christopher Murray is with the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in Seattle, Washington. He said that during flu season, the country is able to vaccinate about 3 million people in a day. “Given the number of people dying from COVID, we could and should do more — like what we’re able to do on seasonal flu,” Murray said. Biden has also set a goal of having most lower-level schools reopen in his first 100 days. He is ordering the departments of Education and Health and Human Services to provide clear guidance for reopening schools safely. But administration officials say that reopening schools safely depends on increased testing. “We do not have nearly enough testing capacity in this country,” Jeff Zients said. “We need the money in order to really ramp up testing, which is so important to reopen schools and businesses.” Efforts to reopen the economy will depend on how quickly lawmakers act on the $1.9 trillion bill proposed by Biden. The bill includes separate measures such as $1,400 in direct payments to people and a $15 minimum wage. There is also a measure to provide aid to state and local governments. Some Republican lawmakers see the measure as unnecessary for dealing with the health crisis. The Biden plan estimates that a national vaccination plan with increased testing requires $160 billion. The new president wants another $170 billion to help in the reopening of schools and universities. The proposal also calls for major investment in scientific research to track new forms of the virus. Experts are concerned that some mutations may spread more easily and also prove harder to treat. I’m Jonathan Evans. Jonathan Evans adapted this story for Learning English based on reports from the Associated Press and Reuters news service. Ashley Thompson was the editor. _______________________________________________________________ Words in This Story apply – v. to cause (force, pressure, etc.) to have an effect or to be felt capacity – n. the ability to do something : a mental, emotional, or physical ability distribution – n. the way that something is divided or spread out mask – n. a covering used to protect your face or cover your mouth minimum wage – n. an amount of money that is the least amount of money per hour that workers must be paid according to the law mutations – n. a change in a gene or the resulting new trait it produces in an individual negative – adj. not positive quarantine – n. the period of time during which a person or animal that has a disease or that might have a disease is kept away from others to prevent the disease from spreading ramp up – v. to buildup; to increase response – n. something that is done as a reaction to something else

jueves, 21 de enero de 2021

Biden Takes Office, Calls for 'Unity'

https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/biden-takes-office-calls-for-unity-/5745494.html
 “I, Joseph Robinette Biden, Jr., do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States…” With those words, Joe Biden was sworn in Wednesday as the 46th president of the United States. Speaking to Americans for the first time as president, Biden said, “Today, we celebrate the triumph not of a candidate, but of a cause, the cause of democracy… At this hour, my friends, democracy has prevailed.” Biden came to office at a time of severe crisis in America. Just two weeks earlier, supporters of outgoing President Donald Trump attacked the Capitol in an attempt to prevent Biden from taking office. And millions of Americans have lost their jobs in the pandemic that has claimed more than 400,000 lives. At the age of 78, Biden is the oldest person to hold the office of U.S. president. He said, “Few people in our nation’s history have been more challenged or found a time more challenging or difficult than the time we’re in now.” To overcome these challenges, Biden said it “requires the most elusive of all things in a democracy: unity.” Biden added that he will be a “president for all Americans” and will “fight as hard for those who did not support me as for those who did.” President-elect Joe Biden, his wife Jill Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris and her husband Doug Emhoff arrive at the steps of the U.S. Capitol for the start of the official inauguration ceremonies, in Washington, Wednesday, Jan. 20, 2021 President-elect Joe Biden, his wife Jill Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris and her husband Doug Emhoff arrive at the steps of the U.S. Capitol for the start of the official inauguration ceremonies, in Washington, Wednesday, Jan. 20, 2021 Historic ceremony Surrounded by his wife, Jill, and family members, Biden placed his left hand on the Bible that has been in his family for 127 years. He then took the oath of office from U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts just before noon Wednesday. Earlier in the ceremony, Kamala Harris was sworn in as vice president. The former U.S. senator from California is the first Black person, the first Asian American and also the first woman to hold the office. Three former presidents, Barack Obama, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton also attended. Former president Jimmy Carter could not attend because of health concerns. Donald Trump, the 45th president, had already left Washington earlier in the morning but his Vice President, Mike Pence, attended the ceremony. The event took place in front of a Capitol building surrounded with high fences and concrete barriers. About 25,000 National Guard troops and other security forces were brought in to protect the city. On the National Mall, 200,000 flags were blowing in the wind to represent the usual crowd members who could not attend. Biden and Harris had asked Americans to watch the inauguration at home because of the coronavirus pandemic. The day included performances from singers Lady Gaga, Jennifer Lopez and Garth Brooks. A 22-year-old poet, Amanda Gorman, noted that, “while democracy can be permanently delayed, it can never be permanently denied.” She added, “For while we have our eyes on the future, history has its eyes on us.” The "Field of Flags" and the U.S. Capitol building are seen ahead of inauguration ceremonies for President-elect Joe Biden in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Allison Shelley) The "Field of Flags" and the U.S. Capitol building are seen ahead of inauguration ceremonies for President-elect Joe Biden in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Allison Shelley) The new president and vice president After a short gathering with Congressional leaders, President Biden and Vice President Harris took part in a “Pass in Review” ceremony, a military tradition to show the transfer of power to a new commander-in-chief. Biden and Harris laid a wreath at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery. Joining them were the three former presidents in a sign of unity. However, many traditional inaugural activities were not held because of the virus. There was no parade down Pennsylvania Avenue. In its place was a virtual “parade Across America.” But the marching bands from the University of Delaware and Howard University were there to escort the country’s new leaders to The White House. Biden went to Delaware and Harris was at Howard. As the virtual parade continued around the country, Vice President Harris returned to the Capitol to act in her constitutional role as presiding officer of the U.S. Senate. U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris walks with her great-niece Amara Ajagu to the White House during the Inauguration Day parade for U.S. President Joe Biden, in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Andrew Kelly) U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris walks with her great-niece Amara Ajagu to the White House during the Inauguration Day parade for U.S. President Joe Biden, in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Andrew Kelly) Harris swore in three new Democratic senators giving the Democrats effective control of both The White House and Congress for the first time in 10 years. At The White House, Biden immediately signed several new executive orders to change policies enacted under the Trump administration. Among them were orders to require face covering on all federal property and to rejoin the Paris Climate Accord. Just days earlier, Biden had also proposed a $1.9 trillion plan to fight the pandemic and to help the U.S. economy. I’m Mario Ritter, Jr. Hai Do wrote this story for VOA Learning English with additional materials from AP. Mario Ritter Jr. was the editor. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story triumph –n. a great or important victory prevail –v. to defeat an opponent challenged –adj. to have faced difficulties or problems elusive –adj. hard to find or capture concrete –n. a hard building material made from rock wreath –n. a circular arrangement of leaves and flowers used as a sign of honor or victory We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments section, and visit our Facebook page.

AUDIO-VOA

 

“I, Joseph Robinette Biden, Jr., do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States…” With those words, Joe Biden was sworn in Wednesday as the 46th president of the United States. Speaking to Americans for the first time as president, Biden said, “Today, we celebrate the triumph not of a candidate, but of a cause, the cause of democracy… At this hour, my friends, democracy has prevailed.” Biden came to office at a time of severe crisis in America. Just two weeks earlier, supporters of outgoing President Donald Trump attacked the Capitol in an attempt to prevent Biden from taking office. And millions of Americans have lost their jobs in the pandemic that has claimed more than 400,000 lives. At the age of 78, Biden is the oldest person to hold the office of U.S. president. He said, “Few people in our nation’s history have been more challenged or found a time more challenging or difficult than the time we’re in now.” To overcome these challenges, Biden said it “requires the most elusive of all things in a democracy: unity.” Biden added that he will be a “president for all Americans” and will “fight as hard for those who did not support me as for those who did.” President-elect Joe Biden, his wife Jill Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris and her husband Doug Emhoff arrive at the steps of the U.S. Capitol for the start of the official inauguration ceremonies, in Washington, Wednesday, Jan. 20, 2021 President-elect Joe Biden, his wife Jill Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris and her husband Doug Emhoff arrive at the steps of the U.S. Capitol for the start of the official inauguration ceremonies, in Washington, Wednesday, Jan. 20, 2021 Historic ceremony Surrounded by his wife, Jill, and family members, Biden placed his left hand on the Bible that has been in his family for 127 years. He then took the oath of office from U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts just before noon Wednesday. Earlier in the ceremony, Kamala Harris was sworn in as vice president. The former U.S. senator from California is the first Black person, the first Asian American and also the first woman to hold the office. Three former presidents, Barack Obama, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton also attended. Former president Jimmy Carter could not attend because of health concerns. Donald Trump, the 45th president, had already left Washington earlier in the morning but his Vice President, Mike Pence, attended the ceremony. The event took place in front of a Capitol building surrounded with high fences and concrete barriers. About 25,000 National Guard troops and other security forces were brought in to protect the city. On the National Mall, 200,000 flags were blowing in the wind to represent the usual crowd members who could not attend. Biden and Harris had asked Americans to watch the inauguration at home because of the coronavirus pandemic. The day included performances from singers Lady Gaga, Jennifer Lopez and Garth Brooks. A 22-year-old poet, Amanda Gorman, noted that, “while democracy can be permanently delayed, it can never be permanently denied.” She added, “For while we have our eyes on the future, history has its eyes on us.” The "Field of Flags" and the U.S. Capitol building are seen ahead of inauguration ceremonies for President-elect Joe Biden in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Allison Shelley) The "Field of Flags" and the U.S. Capitol building are seen ahead of inauguration ceremonies for President-elect Joe Biden in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Allison Shelley) The new president and vice president After a short gathering with Congressional leaders, President Biden and Vice President Harris took part in a “Pass in Review” ceremony, a military tradition to show the transfer of power to a new commander-in-chief. Biden and Harris laid a wreath at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery. Joining them were the three former presidents in a sign of unity. However, many traditional inaugural activities were not held because of the virus. There was no parade down Pennsylvania Avenue. In its place was a virtual “parade Across America.” But the marching bands from the University of Delaware and Howard University were there to escort the country’s new leaders to The White House. Biden went to Delaware and Harris was at Howard. As the virtual parade continued around the country, Vice President Harris returned to the Capitol to act in her constitutional role as presiding officer of the U.S. Senate. U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris walks with her great-niece Amara Ajagu to the White House during the Inauguration Day parade for U.S. President Joe Biden, in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Andrew Kelly) U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris walks with her great-niece Amara Ajagu to the White House during the Inauguration Day parade for U.S. President Joe Biden, in Washington, U.S., January 20, 2021. (REUTERS/Andrew Kelly) Harris swore in three new Democratic senators giving the Democrats effective control of both The White House and Congress for the first time in 10 years. At The White House, Biden immediately signed several new executive orders to change policies enacted under the Trump administration. Among them were orders to require face covering on all federal property and to rejoin the Paris Climate Accord. Just days earlier, Biden had also proposed a $1.9 trillion plan to fight the pandemic and to help the U.S. economy. I’m Mario Ritter, Jr. Hai Do wrote this story for VOA Learning English with additional materials from AP. Mario Ritter Jr. was the editor. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story triumph –n. a great or important victory prevail –v. to defeat an opponent challenged –adj. to have faced difficulties or problems elusive –adj. hard to find or capture concrete –n. a hard building material made from rock wreath –n. a circular arrangement of leaves and flowers used as a sign of honor or victory We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments section, and visit our Facebook page.

lunes, 18 de enero de 2021

HOW MANY- HOW MUCH


 

How much y how many se utilizan para preguntar por cantidades. Por lo tanto, how much se usa con cosas incontables y how many con cosas contables. Ejemplos: “How much money do you have?” (¿Cuánto dinero tienes?)

viernes, 25 de diciembre de 2020

GRAMMAR AND CHRISTMAS

 https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/everyday-grammar-and-christmas/4172368.html


<iframe src="https://learningenglish.voanews.com/embed/player/0/5695036.html?type=audio" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" width="100%" height="144" allowfullscreen></iframe>

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SJ_uLwAaQxNDmSTFHA7h1tiIQxdSYhOI/view?usp=sharing




Many Americans experience surprise (or disappointment) when they wake up on Christmas Day.

They might be surprised or disappointed by a family member's actions. They might be happy or unhappy about a Christmas gift.

Imagine a child expects to get an Xbox or PlayStation for Christmas. On Christmas morning, they quickly open their gift …. Inside is an English grammar book.

They might feel disappointed.

The Everyday Grammar team would prefer the new English grammar book. But if you are like most young people, you would probably rather have a new videogame system.

Today, we are going to explore those feelings – feelings of surprise and disappointment. In other words, we are going to explore how speakers show that reality was better or worse than their expectations.

Counter expectation

Many languages use words to express expectation. Speakers also use words to express how events are not happening as expected. This idea is known as "counter expectation."*

Do not worry about the term. Just remember that it means that speakers use words to show that reality is going against (or countering) their expectations.

English has many words that serve this purpose. Three of the most common are the words "even," "still," and "actually." You will often hear them in casual, everyday speech.

Speakers use these words to show surprise or disappointment. The pitch of their voice tells you what they mean.

Let's study examples of each word.

#1 Even

Speakers often use the word "even" to show disappointment or surprise.

Imagine a young child that expects a phone call from a family member – perhaps an uncle or grandparent. The phone call never comes. The child might say the following:

"What's wrong with him? He didn't even call me on Christmas day."

Here, the child is expressing disappointment. She could have expressed the same idea in a much longer statement, such as: "I was expecting him to call on Christmas Day, but I didn't hear from him. Why didn’t he give me a call?"

"Even" highlights the child's disappointment because it emphasizes that the family member did not try to call.

"Even" does not always have a sad meaning. It can have a happy meaning too.

Imagine a man named Ted. Ted is a forgetful man. He forgets to send letters or gifts to his parents.

Ted's parents might have the following talk after they get a Christmas letter from him:

"Did you see Ted's letter?

Yeah – he even sent us a gift!"

Here, the word "even" shows a pleasant surprise. Ted's mother did not expect a gift from him. By saying "he even sent us a gift" she is suggesting that Ted has gone beyond her expectations.

#2 Still

Americans sometimes use "still" for showing how reality does not quite meet their expectations.

Consider this example, from the 1986 film, Ferris Bueller's Day Off. At the end of the film, Ferris says the following lines. A different speaker might say similar lines after a lengthy, tiring, and disagreeable family Christmas party:

You're still here? It's over! Go home. Go!"

In the film, you can see the surprised look on Ferris' face. When he says, "You're still here," you can tell he did not expect people to still be around. He is a little disappointed.

Now, imagine a different situation. A family is having a Christmas dinner. They are looking for one family member, Uncle Bob. They wonder if he left without saying goodbye.

"-Have you seen Uncle Bob?

-No. Did he leave? Wait! There he is! He's still here!"

The way the final speaker says "still" shows that she is surprised to learn he was still at the dinner. She expected otherwise.

#3 Actually

A third common word that shows surprise or disappointment is "actually."

"Actually" suggests something is true – even when it differs from what might have been thought or expected.

Remember Uncle Bob? Bob has always been a nice guy.

Imagine Uncle Bob sees a Christmas present he likes, and then runs away with it. A speaker might say:

"I can't believe it! Uncle Bob actually stole her Christmas gift."

Here, the speaker uses “actually” to emphasize the unexpectedness of a happening – Uncle Bob stealing the present. She does not sound very happy!

Speakers can use "actually" to show positive feelings, too.

Think back to our character Ted – the guy who always forgets to give gifts for Christmas.

His parents could have shown their surprise at receiving a gift from Ted by saying the following:

"Ted actually gave us a gift!"

Here, the word "actually" shows that they are pleasantly surprised at this strange happening: Ted remembered Christmas!

What can you do?

The next time you are listening to an English speaker, try to find examples of words that show "counter expectation." Is the speaker expressing surprise or disappointment? How does the speaker change the pitch of their voice?

By answering these questions, you will start to learn how English speakers communicate emotions in subtle ways.

-"Excuse me, John, are you still recording your show?"

-"Yes!"

-"You're still recording? We have to go to the Christmas party!"

-"Oh no! I had actually forgotten about that! And that's Everyday Grammar."

I'm John Russell.

I'm Anna Mateo.

And I'm Ashley Thompson.

John Russell wrote this story for Learning English. Caty Weaver was the editor.

We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section.

*John McWhorter. Why English Won't - and Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally). Picador. 2016 pgs. 37-41

_______________________________________________________________

Words in This Story

prefer – v. to like (someone or something) better than someone or something else​

rather – adv. used to indicate what you want or prefer to do, have, etc.​

pitch – n. the highness or lowness of a sound​

emphasize – v. to give special attention to (something) : to place emphasis on (something)​

disappointment – n. a feeling of sadness or displeasure when one's hopes or expectations are not fulfilled

casual – adj. not formal

positive – adj. thinking about the good qualities of someone or something : thinking that a good result will happen: hopeful or optimistic​

subtle – adj. hard to notice or see : not obvious

See comments (32)

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  • Ken 12/28/2020 10:51 PM

    Thank you for your instructive articles. Today’s theme is very interesting for me as a nonnative speaker, because it’s very difficult to express subtle feelings especially with only one adverb.

  • Mika 12/26/2020 7:59 AM

    I've thought for long time that the word “actually” means the opposite:reality is the same as what had been expected. I became able to correct my miss. thank you!

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